Every winter, the warm waters of Maui, Hawaii, become the stage for one of nature’s most extraordinary performances—the annual migration of humpback whales. Known as “Koholā” in Hawaiian, These gentle giants travel thousands of miles from the cold, nutrient-rich waters of Alaska to the Hawaiian Islands, where they breed, give birth, and nurture their young in the calm, protected waters surrounding Maui.
Humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) embark on one of the longest migrations of any mammal, covering nearly 3,000 miles each way. It is estimated that around 12,000 whales migrate towards Hawaii. Their journey is driven by the need for safe, warm waters that provide an ideal environment for calving and mating. While they fast during their time in Hawaii, relying on stored energy reserves, these whales engage in remarkable behaviors that captivate onlookers, from breaching and tail slapping to spy-hopping and singing their hauntingly beautiful songs.
Humpback whales migrate seasonally, following a predictable pattern driven by survival and reproduction. During the summer months, they thrive in Alaska’s frigid waters, feasting on krill, herring, and other small fish. However, as winter approaches, food becomes scarce, and their biological instincts drive them toward the warmer, predator-free waters of Hawaii.
Maui’s shallow and relatively calm waters provide the perfect sanctuary for birthing and nursing calves. Unlike Alaska, where orcas (killer whales) pose a significant threat to young humpbacks, Hawaii offers a safer environment for the next generation to grow and strengthen before making the long journey back north.
From December through April, visitors and locals alike can witness these incredible marine mammals from both land and sea. Boat tours offer an up-close experience, allowing passengers to see whales breach just yards away, while coastal viewpoints like McGregor Point and Lahaina’s waterfront provide breathtaking opportunities to spot spouts and flukes from shore. Even for those who are fortunate enough to have a room / or place that is facing toward the ocean, they are able to watch these whales with ease. Underwater hydrophones sometimes capture the eerie, melodic songs of male humpbacks, adding another dimension to the experience.
Breaching – Whales propel themselves out of the water in spectacular leaps.
Spyhopping – A curious behavior where a whale lifts its head above the water to observe its surroundings.
Tail Slaps and Fin Waves – Used for communication and play.
Mother-Calf Bonding – A heartwarming sight as newborn calves learn essential survival skills.
For those eager to experience the magic of humpback whales up close, there are several ways to do so responsibly:
Whale-Watching Tours – Numerous eco-friendly tour operators in Maui offer boat excursions, guided by marine biologists who provide insights into whale behavior and conservation.
Kayaking & Paddleboarding – For a quieter and more intimate experience, paddling out into the waters offers a unique perspective on these marine mammals.
Shore-Based Viewing – Some of the best whale-watching spots from land include Makena Beach, Lahaina Pali Trail, and Maalaea Bay.
Conservation and Protection Efforts
Despite their awe-inspiring presence, humpback whales face numerous threats, including entanglement in fishing gear, ship strikes, and climate change. The Hawaiian Islands Humpback Whale National Marine Sanctuary, established to protect these marine mammals, plays a crucial role in research, conservation, and public education. Responsible whale-watching practices, such as maintaining a safe distance and minimizing noise pollution, are essential to ensuring the well-being of these creatures for generations to come.
While humpback whale populations have rebounded since the days of commercial whaling, they still face threats from climate change, ship strikes, and ocean pollution. Organizations such as NOAA and the Pacific Whale Foundation work tirelessly to protect these magnificent creatures through research, education, and policy advocacy.
As visitors, we play a crucial role in responsible whale watching by maintaining safe distances, avoiding high-speed boating in whale zones, and supporting conservation efforts.
Maui’s humpback whale season is more than just a tourist attraction; it is a profound reminder of nature’s resilience and beauty. Whether you're watching from the shore or embarking on a guided tour, witnessing these ocean giants in their natural habitat is an unforgettable experience—one that leaves visitors with a deeper appreciation for the wonders of the marine world.
Plan your visit during peak season, respect marine life guidelines, and prepare to be mesmerized by one of the most remarkable migrations on the planet.
If you would like to read and learn more about interesting things in Hawaii! Check out our blog page here on our website!
or
The legendary northshore break called Pe’ahi, or known for its more notorious name Jaws, is Maui’s most iconic and powerful surf break, renowned for its incredibly massive waves and exhilarating conditions. Consistently recognized at the prestigious Big Wave Awards, Jaws has earned the title of the most winning break more times than any other location. Jaws or Pe’ahi can be located in the beginning of the iconic Road to Hana. During the winter time and when the waves are firing, elite surfers from all around the globe are just given a few days notice to head out and converge on this legendary spot, while spectators gather in awe to witness the spectacle of natures raw power.
While the name “Jaws” is the most widely recognized name for this iconic surf break, locals knew it as the name “Pe’ahi” which has gained popularity in recent years, particularly with surfers seeking to honor and connect with the local Hawaiian Culture. “Pe’ahi” refers to the much larger ahupua’a (land division) in the area. Hawaiian Kupuna Leslie Kuloloio shares that the traditional Hawaiian name for this spot is “Ke Kai ‘o Waitakulu”, which translates into “The Teary Eye”. This particular name reflects on the deep cultural significance of the location, offering a richer perspective on the surf breaks history and meaning.
Around the early 1990s, surfers would then make some of their first attempts to ride Jaws during Maui’s winter swells. Winter is around the time where the pacific will deliver its most intense waves and powerful swells. During this time it was nearly impossible to ride or paddling into these waves as the widely known “tow-in surfing” method wasnt utilized yet; however, the popularization of this “tow-in technique”, allowed surfers the chance to face waves of this magnitude which was never before seen. David Kalama, Laird Hamilton, and Darick Doener would become pioneering figures in this evolution into big wave surfing, and were known for famously riding some of the first monster waves at Jaws. This would then help to solidify the legendary status and world-wide appeal of big-wave surfing.
By the late 1990s and early 2000s, Peʻahi (Jaws) had firmly cemented its status as the epicenter of big-wave surfing. Known for its towering heights, remarkable speed, and glassy barrels, Jaws presented a new level of challenge for surfers. Its steep, barreling waves broke with such precision and power that it quickly distinguished itself from other famous big-wave spots like Waimea Bay on Oahu or Mavericks in California. Unlike these other locations, where waves can be more unpredictable, Jaws' consistent, powerful breaks pushed the limits of what was possible in the sport, drawing surfers eager to test their skill and bravery on one of the most extreme waves on Earth.
Historically, one of the key factors that enabled surfers to tackle Jaws' massive waves was the introduction of tow-in surfing. This technique involves surfers being towed into the wave by a Jet Ski, allowing them to reach the necessary speed and angle to catch waves that would otherwise be impossible to paddle into. In the early days of big-wave surfing at Jaws, tow-in was essential for safely navigating the giant swells. Without this method, many of the waves at Peʻahi would have been out of reach for even the most experienced surfers.
However, in recent years, the evolution of surfboard technology and techniques has led to a shift in how surfers approach Jaws. A new generation of athletes is now attempting to paddle into these colossal waves on their own, eschewing the tow-in method in favor of relying on their raw skill and strength. This shift is a testament to the growing capabilities of modern surfboards, which are designed to handle the massive forces of waves like those at Jaws. Lighter, more maneuverable boards, along with improved wetsuits and safety gear, have enabled surfers to take on this once tow-in-exclusive break using traditional paddle techniques.
This shift not only speaks to the rapid advancements in surf technology but also reflects a broader evolution in the culture of big-wave surfing. As surfers push the boundaries of what’s possible at Peʻahi, Jaws remains a proving ground where both technology and technique continue to evolve, and where the spirit of adventure and challenge is always front and center. The continued progress at Jaws serves as a reminder that big-wave surfing, much like the waves themselves, is constantly in motion—always changing, always challenging, and always inspiring those who are brave enough to take it on.
In 2016, the World Surf League introduced the Peʻahi Challenge, a major big-wave competition that cemented Jaws as the ultimate proving ground for surfers. The event brought together the world’s top surfers to face Peʻahi’s massive waves in a competitive setting, showcasing the raw power and precision required to ride one of the most challenging surf breaks on Earth. Not only did the competition elevate Jaws’ iconic status, but it also highlighted the exceptional skill and bravery needed to conquer its towering barrels.
Despite its allure, Jaws remains an extremely dangerous wave, known for its colossal wipeouts and broken boards. Surfers must exercise precision and mental fortitude to navigate its powerful swells, making it a high-risk endeavor even for seasoned professionals. Over the years, advancements in safety gear—such as enhanced vests, helmets, and the use of tow-in jet skis—have made it possible for surfers to take on these massive waves with more protection. Still, Jaws continues to push the limits of big-wave surfing, testing both the physical and psychological resilience of those who dare to ride its waters.
Peʻahi (Jaws) is not only a world-renowned surf destination, but it also holds profound cultural and environmental significance. Located on Maui’s rugged north shore, Jaws is deeply intertwined with Hawaiian traditions, where the ocean, or Kai, is revered. For many surfers, riding the waves at Jaws is a spiritual connection to the sea—honoring both its immense power and the respect it commands within Hawaiian culture.
However, as Jaws attracts more attention from surfers and tourists, environmental concerns have risen. The popularity of the spot brings with it the need for sustainable practices to protect the coastal ecosystems. Preserving the marine life and natural beauty of the area is crucial, as increased traffic threatens to disrupt the delicate balance of this pristine environment.
The history of Jaws is also integral to the evolution of big-wave surfing. Once a near-mythical break, it has become an iconic symbol in extreme sports. Technological advancements, such as tow-in surfing, jet skis, and improved safety gear, have made it possible to ride waves of unprecedented size and power. Yet, Jaws remains a place that challenges even the most experienced surfers, testing both their physical and mental limits.
As a natural wonder and a test of human endurance, Jaws continues to inspire surfers from around the globe. Its awe-inspiring waves not only push the boundaries of big-wave surfing but also serve as a reminder of the importance of respecting and protecting the ocean that makes such feats possible. Whether admired from the shore or conquered by the bravest athletes, Jaws stands as a testament to the spirit of adventure and the enduring bond between surfers and the sea.
If you would like to read and learn more about interesting things in Hawaii! Check out our blog page here on our website!
or